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      <a href="/2018/01/06/vue2-notes-10-access-route/" title="Vue2使用笔记10--路由鉴权" itemprop="url">Vue2使用笔记10--路由鉴权</a>
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    <time datetime="2018-01-05T16:03:42.000Z" itemprop="datePublished">2018-01-06</time>
    更新日期:<time datetime="2018-12-18T15:41:36.590Z" itemprop="dateModified">2018-12-18</time>
    
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			<strong class="toc-title">文章目录</strong>
		<ol class="toc"><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#给路由添加鉴权"><span class="toc-number">1.</span> <span class="toc-text">给路由添加鉴权</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#全局守卫"><span class="toc-number">1.1.</span> <span class="toc-text">全局守卫</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#路由配置"><span class="toc-number">1.2.</span> <span class="toc-text">路由配置</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#鉴权逻辑"><span class="toc-number">1.3.</span> <span class="toc-text">鉴权逻辑</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#权限计算"><span class="toc-number">1.4.</span> <span class="toc-text">权限计算</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#页面效果"><span class="toc-number">1.5.</span> <span class="toc-text">页面效果</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#结束语"><span class="toc-number">2.</span> <span class="toc-text">结束语</span></a></li></ol>
		</div>
		
		<p>最近在使用 Vue2 作为项目中前端的框架，《Vue2 使用笔记》系列用于记录过程中的一些使用和解决方法。本文记录给路由添加鉴权的过程。</p>
<a id="more"></a>
<h2 id="给路由添加鉴权"><a href="#给路由添加鉴权" class="headerlink" title="给路由添加鉴权"></a>给路由添加鉴权</h2><hr>
<p><a href="https://router.vuejs.org/zh-cn/" target="_blank" rel="external">Vue router</a>提供了导航守卫的功能，主要用来通过跳转或取消的方式守卫导航。参数或查询的改变并不会触发进入/离开的导航守卫。</p>
<h3 id="全局守卫"><a href="#全局守卫" class="headerlink" title="全局守卫"></a>全局守卫</h3><p>这里我们使用全局的守卫，来进行整体的路由鉴权。</p>
<p>使用<code>router.beforeEach</code>注册一个全局前置守卫：</p>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div><div class="line">15</div><div class="line">16</div><div class="line">17</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> Router <span class="keyword">from</span> <span class="string">"vue-router"</span>;</div><div class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> routes <span class="keyword">from</span> <span class="string">"./routes"</span>;</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">Vue.use(Router);</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> pageRouter = <span class="keyword">new</span> Router(&#123;</div><div class="line">  routes <span class="comment">// 路由配置</span></div><div class="line">&#125;);</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">pageRouter.beforeEach(<span class="function">(<span class="params">to, <span class="keyword">from</span>, next</span>) =&gt;</span> &#123;</div><div class="line">  <span class="comment">// 若进入登录页面，则默认不做鉴权</span></div><div class="line">  <span class="keyword">if</span> (to.name == <span class="string">"Login"</span>) &#123;</div><div class="line">    next();</div><div class="line">  &#125;</div><div class="line">  <span class="comment">// 其他的来吧鉴权吧</span></div><div class="line">  routerNext(to, <span class="keyword">from</span>, next);</div><div class="line">&#125;);</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>这里我们讲一下三个参数：</p>
<ul>
<li><code>to: Route</code>: 即将要进入的目标路由对象</li>
<li><code>from: Route</code>: 当前导航正要离开的路由</li>
<li><code>next: Function</code>: 一定要调用该方法来<code>resolve</code>这个钩子</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="路由配置"><a href="#路由配置" class="headerlink" title="路由配置"></a>路由配置</h3><p>我们来调整下路由配置，增加以下三个选项：</p>
<ul>
<li><code>meta.title</code>：配置<code>document.title</code>，即标签页说明</li>
<li><code>meta.accessRole</code>：配置允许进入的角色，支持<code>string</code>或是<code>[string]</code>类型</li>
<li><code>meta.forbidRole</code>：配置禁止进入的角色，优先级大于<code>accessRole</code>，同样支持<code>string</code>或是<code>[string]</code>类型</li>
</ul>
<p>同时我们加上个 404 Not Found 和 No Auth 的页面，配置如下：</p>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div><div class="line">15</div><div class="line">16</div><div class="line">17</div><div class="line">18</div><div class="line">19</div><div class="line">20</div><div class="line">21</div><div class="line">22</div><div class="line">23</div><div class="line">24</div><div class="line">25</div><div class="line">26</div><div class="line">27</div><div class="line">28</div><div class="line">29</div><div class="line">30</div><div class="line">31</div><div class="line">32</div><div class="line">33</div><div class="line">34</div><div class="line">35</div><div class="line">36</div><div class="line">37</div><div class="line">38</div><div class="line">39</div><div class="line">40</div><div class="line">41</div><div class="line">42</div><div class="line">43</div><div class="line">44</div><div class="line">45</div><div class="line">46</div><div class="line">47</div><div class="line">48</div><div class="line">49</div><div class="line">50</div><div class="line">51</div><div class="line">52</div><div class="line">53</div><div class="line">54</div><div class="line">55</div><div class="line">56</div><div class="line">57</div><div class="line">58</div><div class="line">59</div><div class="line">60</div><div class="line">61</div><div class="line">62</div><div class="line">63</div><div class="line">64</div><div class="line">65</div><div class="line">66</div><div class="line">67</div><div class="line">68</div><div class="line">69</div><div class="line">70</div><div class="line">71</div><div class="line">72</div><div class="line">73</div><div class="line">74</div><div class="line">75</div><div class="line">76</div><div class="line">77</div><div class="line">78</div><div class="line">79</div><div class="line">80</div><div class="line">81</div><div class="line">82</div><div class="line">83</div><div class="line">84</div><div class="line">85</div><div class="line">86</div><div class="line">87</div><div class="line">88</div><div class="line">89</div><div class="line">90</div><div class="line">91</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="comment">// routes.js</span></div><div class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> App <span class="keyword">from</span> <span class="string">"../App"</span>;</div><div class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> Services <span class="keyword">from</span> <span class="string">"components/Services"</span>;</div><div class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> ServiceAdd <span class="keyword">from</span> <span class="string">"components/ServiceAdd"</span>;</div><div class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> Products <span class="keyword">from</span> <span class="string">"components/Products"</span>;</div><div class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> Logs <span class="keyword">from</span> <span class="string">"components/Logs"</span>;</div><div class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> NoAuth <span class="keyword">from</span> <span class="string">"components/NoAuth"</span>;</div><div class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> NotFound <span class="keyword">from</span> <span class="string">"components/NotFound"</span>;</div><div class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> Login <span class="keyword">from</span> <span class="string">"../Login"</span>;</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line"><span class="keyword">export</span> <span class="keyword">default</span> [</div><div class="line">  &#123; <span class="attr">path</span>: <span class="string">"/login"</span>, <span class="attr">component</span>: Login, <span class="attr">name</span>: <span class="string">"Login"</span> &#125;,</div><div class="line">  &#123;</div><div class="line">    <span class="attr">path</span>: <span class="string">"/app"</span>,</div><div class="line">    <span class="attr">component</span>: App,</div><div class="line">    <span class="attr">name</span>: <span class="string">"App"</span>,</div><div class="line">    <span class="attr">redirect</span>: <span class="string">"/app/services"</span>,</div><div class="line">    <span class="comment">// 设置子路由</span></div><div class="line">    children: [</div><div class="line">      &#123;</div><div class="line">        <span class="comment">// 服务列表</span></div><div class="line">        path: <span class="string">"services"</span>,</div><div class="line">        <span class="attr">component</span>: Services,</div><div class="line">        <span class="attr">name</span>: <span class="string">"Services"</span>,</div><div class="line">        <span class="attr">meta</span>: &#123;</div><div class="line">          <span class="attr">title</span>: <span class="string">"服务列表"</span>,</div><div class="line">          <span class="attr">forbidRole</span>: <span class="string">"visitor"</span></div><div class="line">        &#125;</div><div class="line">      &#125;,</div><div class="line">      &#123;</div><div class="line">        <span class="comment">// 添加服务</span></div><div class="line">        path: <span class="string">"add/service"</span>,</div><div class="line">        <span class="attr">component</span>: ServiceAdd,</div><div class="line">        <span class="attr">name</span>: <span class="string">"ServiceAdd"</span>,</div><div class="line">        <span class="attr">meta</span>: &#123;</div><div class="line">          <span class="attr">title</span>: <span class="string">"添加服务"</span>,</div><div class="line">          <span class="attr">forbidRole</span>: <span class="string">"visitor"</span>,</div><div class="line">          <span class="attr">accessRole</span>: <span class="string">"owner"</span></div><div class="line">        &#125;</div><div class="line">      &#125;,</div><div class="line">      &#123;</div><div class="line">        <span class="comment">// 修改服务</span></div><div class="line">        path: <span class="string">"edit/service/:id"</span>,</div><div class="line">        <span class="attr">component</span>: ServiceAdd,</div><div class="line">        <span class="attr">name</span>: <span class="string">"ServiceEdit"</span>,</div><div class="line">        <span class="attr">meta</span>: &#123;</div><div class="line">          <span class="attr">title</span>: <span class="string">"添加服务"</span>,</div><div class="line">          <span class="attr">forbidRole</span>: <span class="string">"visitor"</span>,</div><div class="line">          <span class="attr">accessRole</span>: [<span class="string">"owner"</span>, <span class="string">"maintainer"</span>]</div><div class="line">        &#125;</div><div class="line">      &#125;,</div><div class="line">      &#123;</div><div class="line">        <span class="comment">// 产品列表</span></div><div class="line">        path: <span class="string">"products"</span>,</div><div class="line">        <span class="attr">component</span>: Products,</div><div class="line">        <span class="attr">name</span>: <span class="string">"Products"</span>,</div><div class="line">        <span class="attr">meta</span>: &#123;</div><div class="line">          <span class="attr">title</span>: <span class="string">"产品列表"</span></div><div class="line">        &#125;</div><div class="line">      &#125;,</div><div class="line">      &#123;</div><div class="line">        <span class="comment">// 日志列表</span></div><div class="line">        path: <span class="string">"logs"</span>,</div><div class="line">        <span class="attr">component</span>: Logs,</div><div class="line">        <span class="attr">name</span>: <span class="string">"Logs"</span>,</div><div class="line">        <span class="attr">meta</span>: &#123;</div><div class="line">          <span class="attr">title</span>: <span class="string">"日志列表"</span></div><div class="line">        &#125;</div><div class="line">      &#125;,</div><div class="line">      &#123;</div><div class="line">        <span class="comment">// 无权限</span></div><div class="line">        path: <span class="string">"noauth"</span>,</div><div class="line">        <span class="attr">component</span>: NoAuth,</div><div class="line">        <span class="attr">name</span>: <span class="string">"NoAuth"</span>,</div><div class="line">        <span class="attr">meta</span>: &#123;</div><div class="line">          <span class="attr">title</span>: <span class="string">"无权限"</span></div><div class="line">        &#125;</div><div class="line">      &#125;,</div><div class="line">      &#123;</div><div class="line">        <span class="comment">// 404</span></div><div class="line">        path: <span class="string">"404"</span>,</div><div class="line">        <span class="attr">component</span>: NotFound,</div><div class="line">        <span class="attr">name</span>: <span class="string">"NotFound"</span>,</div><div class="line">        <span class="attr">meta</span>: &#123;</div><div class="line">          <span class="attr">title</span>: <span class="string">"404"</span></div><div class="line">        &#125;</div><div class="line">      &#125;</div><div class="line">    ]</div><div class="line">  &#125;,</div><div class="line">  &#123; <span class="attr">path</span>: <span class="string">"*"</span>, <span class="attr">redirect</span>: &#123; <span class="attr">name</span>: <span class="string">"NotFound"</span> &#125; &#125;</div><div class="line">];</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>这里的 visitor、maintainer、owner 分别为对应的角色，我们结合一起来看看鉴权的逻辑吧。</p>
<h3 id="鉴权逻辑"><a href="#鉴权逻辑" class="headerlink" title="鉴权逻辑"></a>鉴权逻辑</h3><p>权限的计算在后面会讲到，我们只需要知道 accessCompute 可根据权限 Map 和角色名单来匹配是否命中。</p>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div><div class="line">15</div><div class="line">16</div><div class="line">17</div><div class="line">18</div><div class="line">19</div><div class="line">20</div><div class="line">21</div><div class="line">22</div><div class="line">23</div><div class="line">24</div><div class="line">25</div><div class="line">26</div><div class="line">27</div><div class="line">28</div><div class="line">29</div><div class="line">30</div><div class="line">31</div><div class="line">32</div><div class="line">33</div><div class="line">34</div><div class="line">35</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> accessCompute <span class="keyword">from</span> <span class="string">"./accessCompute"</span>;</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line"><span class="comment">// 这里设置了三个角色，我们知道当前维护者为true，代表拥有这个角色</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment">// 在真实项目中，我们通常需要动态拉取这样的权限Map</span></div><div class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> operationMap = &#123;</div><div class="line">  <span class="attr">maintainer</span>: <span class="literal">true</span>, <span class="comment">// 维护者</span></div><div class="line">  owner: <span class="literal">false</span>, <span class="comment">// 拥有者</span></div><div class="line">  visitor: <span class="literal">false</span> <span class="comment">// 访客</span></div><div class="line">&#125;;</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line"><span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span> <span class="title">routerNext</span>(<span class="params">to, from, next</span>) </span>&#123;</div><div class="line">  <span class="comment">// 对于命中路由，每个都分别鉴权，有不通过则跳转到No Auth页面</span></div><div class="line">  <span class="keyword">let</span> matchLen = to.matched.length</div><div class="line">  <span class="comment">// 从路由最里层开始鉴权</span></div><div class="line">  <span class="keyword">for</span> (<span class="keyword">let</span> index = (matchLen - <span class="number">1</span>); index &gt;= <span class="number">0</span>; index--) &#123;</div><div class="line">    <span class="keyword">let</span> m = to.matched[index]</div><div class="line">    <span class="keyword">let</span> meta = m.meta</div><div class="line">    <span class="comment">// 若有配置禁止名单，则检测是否在禁止名单内，在则进入No Auth页面</span></div><div class="line">    <span class="comment">// 若无禁止名单，或者不匹配名单，则校验是否在允许进入名单内</span></div><div class="line">    <span class="keyword">if</span> (meta.forbidRole &amp;&amp; accessCompute(operationMap, meta.forbidRole) || !accessCompute(operationMap, meta.accessRole)) &#123;</div><div class="line">      next(&#123;</div><div class="line">        <span class="attr">name</span>: <span class="string">'NoAuth'</span></div><div class="line">      &#125;)</div><div class="line">      <span class="comment">// 若鉴权已不通过，则不进行后续match的鉴权</span></div><div class="line">      <span class="keyword">return</span></div><div class="line">    &#125;</div><div class="line">    <span class="comment">// 若设置了title，则切换为设置的title</span></div><div class="line">    <span class="keyword">if</span> (meta &amp;&amp; <span class="keyword">typeof</span> meta.title != <span class="string">"undefined"</span>) &#123;</div><div class="line">      <span class="built_in">document</span>.title = meta.title;</div><div class="line">    &#125;</div><div class="line">  &#125;</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">  <span class="comment">// 其他则继续通过</span></div><div class="line">  next();</div><div class="line">&#125;</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="权限计算"><a href="#权限计算" class="headerlink" title="权限计算"></a>权限计算</h3><p>这里我们通过获取一个权限列表里的角色拥有，来进行名单命中：</p>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div><div class="line">15</div><div class="line">16</div><div class="line">17</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="comment">// accessCompute.js</span></div><div class="line"><span class="keyword">export</span> <span class="keyword">default</span> <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span> <span class="title">accessCompute</span>(<span class="params">permissionMap, accessKey</span>) </span>&#123;</div><div class="line">  <span class="comment">//如果没有传鉴权队列，默认通过</span></div><div class="line">  <span class="keyword">if</span> (!accessKey) &#123;</div><div class="line">    <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="literal">true</span>;</div><div class="line">  &#125;</div><div class="line">  <span class="keyword">let</span> access = <span class="literal">false</span>;</div><div class="line">  <span class="keyword">let</span> keys = <span class="keyword">typeof</span> accessKey == <span class="string">"string"</span> ? [accessKey] : [...accessKey];</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">  <span class="comment">// 遍历查询是否有符合的，有一个以上符合则返回true</span></div><div class="line">  <span class="comment">// 只有当所有都校验不通过的时候，才返回false</span></div><div class="line">  keys.forEach(<span class="function"><span class="params">key</span> =&gt;</span> &#123;</div><div class="line">    access = access || permissionMap[key];</div><div class="line">  &#125;);</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">  <span class="keyword">return</span> access;</div><div class="line">&#125;</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="页面效果"><a href="#页面效果" class="headerlink" title="页面效果"></a>页面效果</h3><ul>
<li>进入服务管理-&gt;新建(无权限)</li>
</ul>
<p><img src="https://github-imglib-1255459943.cos.ap-chengdu.myqcloud.com/%7BE4F2FDE9-E812-4894-B398-4FF7130D5BF3%7D.png" alt="image"></p>
<h2 id="结束语"><a href="#结束语" class="headerlink" title="结束语"></a>结束语</h2><hr>
<p>这里面还有一些东西没考虑，就是当我们的权限并不能简单地只用true和false来表示，很多时候会有更复杂的场景。同时，我们需要在路由守卫鉴权前拿到权限Map，针对具体场景来调整吧。<br><a href="https://github.com/godbasin/godbasin.github.io/tree/blog-codes/vue2-notes/10-access-route" target="_blank" rel="external">此处查看项目代码</a><br><a href="http://vue2-notes.godbasin.com/10-access-route/index.html#/app/add/service" target="_blank" rel="external">此处查看页面效果</a></p>
  
		
		<p style="margin-top:50px;">
			查看Github有更多内容噢：<a href="https://github.com/godbasin">https://github.com/godbasin</a>
			<br>
			更欢迎来<a href="https://godbasin.github.io/front-end-playground">被删的前端游乐场</a>边撸猫边学前端噢
		</p>
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	<img src="https://github-imglib-1255459943.cos.ap-chengdu.myqcloud.com/2code2.jpg" width="200" height="200" style="display:block;margin: 0 auto;" />
	<p style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 20px;">码生艰难，写文不易，给我家猪囤点猫粮了喵~</p>
	<div class="author-right">
  		<p>作者：被删</p>
  		<p>出处：<a href="https://godbasin.github.io">https://godbasin.github.io</a></p>
  		<p>本文版权归作者所有，欢迎转载，但未经作者同意必须保留此段声明，且在文章页面明显位置给出原文连接，否则保留追究法律责任的权利。</p>
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  <strong class="toc-title">文章目录</strong>
  <ol class="toc"><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#给路由添加鉴权"><span class="toc-number">1.</span> <span class="toc-text">给路由添加鉴权</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#全局守卫"><span class="toc-number">1.1.</span> <span class="toc-text">全局守卫</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#路由配置"><span class="toc-number">1.2.</span> <span class="toc-text">路由配置</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#鉴权逻辑"><span class="toc-number">1.3.</span> <span class="toc-text">鉴权逻辑</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#权限计算"><span class="toc-number">1.4.</span> <span class="toc-text">权限计算</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#页面效果"><span class="toc-number">1.5.</span> <span class="toc-text">页面效果</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#结束语"><span class="toc-number">2.</span> <span class="toc-text">结束语</span></a></li></ol>
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